School Calendar Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

School Calendar Change - Essay Example Educators have raised worries over the impacts of long excursions, guaranteeing that the time taken by understudies during get-away causes them to overlook what they had realized. Therefore, auditing the earlier year material takes a lot of time, which, as per the instructors, influences the educational plan. Cooper ((â€Å"Summer Learning Loss†) contends that mid year get-away for the most part influenced arithmetic and spelling subjects. This is on the grounds that progressively precise data is required from the two subjects when contrasted with the other tried expertise subjects. Cooper proceeds to shield his contention by expressing that understudies are bound to work on perusing than performing scientific computations all alone. Another significant impact of long summer occasions, as confirmed by Cooper (â€Å"The Effects of Summer Vacation†), identifies with understudies with incapacities. The understudies require constant examination or guidance period to have the option to see better. The mid year programs should help the burdened understudies outstandingly by guaranteeing that their examinations are never hindered for long. Understudies who communicate in dialects other than English have additionally been influenced by the schedule, since making up for lost time after the long summer occasions is troublesome. Cooper likewise takes note of that the scores of understudies are lower after the long summer relaxes, the misfortune being likened to one month as per past investigations. As indicated by Cooper (â€Å"The Effects of Summer Vacation†), another investigation program will help understand all the worries raised by the old schedule. At the point when short occasions are spread out over the year, they better fill the planned need. Thinking about all the above contentions, it tends to be expressed that our school locale needs to embrace the new

Advanced Taxation Income Tax Assessment Act

Question: Examine about theAdvanced Taxationfor Income Tax Assessment Act. Answer: Presentation As indicated by the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997, TR2012/D1 pay from the trust home is distributable to the recipients according to the provisions notice in the trust deed. As contained under segment 53A, salary created from the trust domain is registered by the terms and states of the trust deed. Such distributable pay is available in the hands of recipients at the rate indicated under the arrangement of Australian Taxation System (Hoynes, Miller and Simon 2015). According to TD 2001/26 if a recipient of the trust home has enthusiasm for the estimation of advantages and the salary for the allotment of the benefits then the recipients can repudiate their enthusiasm for the trust. According to segment 98(3) and 98(4), pay from trust domain is at risk for tax assessment in the books of trustee concerning the portion of salary on part of its recipients (O'Connor 2016). In the given case, Bruce the sole agent of Pams home that was made under a testamentary trust oversaw business charge misfortune added up to $20,000 during the year 31 August 2014. Actually, the testamentary trust acquired benefit during the year finishing 30 June 2015 added up to $200,000 though the available pay during a similar period is $180,000. Thinking about the terms and states of the trust, Bruce allotted the trust pay earned to the recipients during the year 2015 based on designated rate (Doidge and Dyck 2015). Bruce conveyed the sum $40,000 to one of the recipients Ronda though half of the parity for example half ($200,000-$40,000) = $80,000 to Rani just as $80,000 to himself as half of the equalization salary. Further, Bruce dispersed 20% of the salary to the recipients from the offer of premises since the parity pay was intended for additional venture. In any case, the pay from the offer of premises was appropriated to Gina according to the condition of capital dispersio n on 18 July 2015, which was recorded on 29 August 2015 (Harrison 2015). As indicated by the Australian Taxation System rules of area 102-25 is appropriate to the salary emerging from the capital resource of the optional trusts. According to the information accommodated the BCL Ltd salary from the capital resources are available in the books of the organization as conveyed to the recipients (Chua and Bedford 2015). Given that, the selling estimation of the premises is $2,400,000 while the expense of the premises is 800,000, which was obtained on 23 October 1999. In this manner, pay marked down of premises added up to ($2,400,000-$800,000) = 1,600,000 that is available according to the tax collection rules. According to the tax collection administering of ITAA97 charge on the pay $1600,000 at the pace of 45% added up to $720,000. Since, Bruce appropriated the piece of pay to one of the recipients at 20% and the remainder of the sum is utilized for venture reason in this way the taxability of $720,000 is exposed to the limiting strategy at half. Be that as it may, the business misfortune added up to $190,000 caused during the year 2012-13 would be conveyed forward to till the year 2015. During the monetary year 2015, loss of sum $190,000 can be set off with the pay earned during the year added up to $200,000 which will limit the duty obligation of the assessee (Neuman, Omer and Thompson 2015). Salary appropriated to Ronda $40,000 is qualified for charge risk during the year 2015 at the rate determined in the tax assessment arrangement of Australia. According to the tax collection rules, dissemination of salary from the trust home is available in the hands of trust merchant at the pace of 45%. Subsequently, the pay of $40,000 is available in the books of Bruce at the predetermined rate. So also, salary dispersed to Rani added up to $80,000 is available in the books of Bruce during the year 2015. In any case, pay regarding capital appropriation added up to 20% of would be available during the monetary year 2016 in light of the fact that the sum has been designated to the recipients after the finish of money related year 2015 (Kousky and Shabman 2015). Thinking about the results of tax assessment from pay from trust, Bruce is required to pay burdens on the salary from trust just as pay from capital resources during the year 2015. Be that as it may, the taxability of the pay is exposed to the derivation of limiting technique as for the capital pay. Then again, current pay from the trust will be available by deducting the measure of all out loss of $170,000 caused during the year 2013 since it was brought about from the business activity of the assessee (Doidge and Dyck 2015). Section A In the given circumstance, Lawrence Dixon and Sonya Dixon shaped a family trust whose trustee was the bookkeeper of the family Mac Bury. The trust was made as an optional while the recipients of the trust were the makers kids. It has been given that the trust obtained an investment property and protections in two recorded organizations. During the year 2015, all out receipt of the trust added up to $26,000 though the costs added up to $26,000 alongside the devaluation charges of $3,000 according to area 40-25 ITAA97 (Tucker 2015). Further, measure of $8,000 as an intrigue cost was regarding the protections of AMP Ltd for securing of offers. If there should be an occurrence of optional trust, recipients are not qualified for have fixed intrigue pay in the assets of the trust. Under the class of optional trust recipients are qualified to decide the salary as capital or income just as the rate at which the pay is to be gotten. With the end goal of foundation of the trust, there must be four significant jobs as maker, trustee, appointor and recipients. Trustee is viewed as the legitimate proprietor of who keeps up all the exchanges having the position to sign the archives and other important applications for endorsement (Feuer 2016). Then again, recipients of the trust are the people for whose points of interest of the trust property is gained. In any case, it is significant that the recipients ought not obtain any generous enthusiasm for the trust resources yet they can reserve the option to get to the offer salary from the protections of the trust. Optional trust is framed to use the advantage of expense obligation, resou rce insurance, domain arranging and possessions of land as for the ventures, genuine homes and wellsprings of fixed resources. According to the TR in ITAA97, assessees are qualified to guarantee exception of half from the capital increase tax assessment gave the recipients are people and not business associations (Feisee and Randall 2015). Likewise, in the current circumstance optional trust has been shaped which earned complete salary of $26,000 while the cost were additionally $26,000. According to TD 2001/26, salary from the benefits and protections earned by trust is available regardless of whether such pay is conveyed to the recipients. Hence, pay earned as profit from the portions of AMP Ltd, CBA Ltd added up to $12,000, and $8,000 individually will be available in the books of the trust made by Dixon. Further, reasoning on the intrigue costs is accessible to the trust added up to $8,000 just as the devaluation charges added up to $3,000. Nonetheless, recipients are absolved from the duty obligation on the since the recipients are people and have no generous enthusiasm for the advantages of the trust (Tool, Williamson and Whittenburg 2015). Actually, costs on lease for the property added up to $18,000 are entitled for reasoning from the salary earned during the present tax collection year. Part B The current case features the results of assessment misfortunes earned by the optional trust just as from the business utilizing two low maintenance laborers. Proprietor of the business associations are Ken and Barb securing equivalent holding of offers though the trustee of the trust is KB Pty Limited. Notwithstanding, the recipients of the trust were the proprietors, their kids alongside different family members. According to the terms and states of the trust, available dissemination of pay to the recipients were at 28% to Ken, 56% to Barb and the equalization to the next relative during the year 2010-11. According to the tax assessment governing under ITAA 97, misfortune on business from the trust is estimated by the misfortune decided under the capital increases. According to ITAA 97, area 36-10 misfortune on business salary is registered by deducting the misfortune brought about by the trust and the parity pay is available at the predetermined rate (Crawford 2016). Hence, the sa lary of the trust during the year 2010-11 added up to $170,000 would be available in the books of trustee KB Limited at 45%. Be that as it may, the conclusion of half can't be asserted since, the trustee of the optional trust is an organization and not person. Further, the salary of trust during the money related year 2011-12 summed 120,000 would have a similar ramifications as the pay burdened during 2010-11. Since the trustee didn't make political race according to area 272-80(1) in plan 2F of ITAA 1936, in this way the salary of the trust appropriated to recipients would be available in the hands of the trustee. In addition, the duty misfortune added up to $26,000 during the year 2012-13 though the measure of misfortune $34,000 during the year 2013-14 would be convey forward to the following succeeding year for set off from the pay $80,000. Decisions from family trust according to segment 272-80 of calendar 2F, ITAA 1936 force the trustee to deduct the assessment misfortunes brought about in the earlier years just as finding of specific costs and obligations. According to the tax assessment administering ITAA 97, pay from the trust distributable to the recipients is available in the hands of trustee according to the appropriation extent. Unexpectedly, misfortune brought about from the business is qualified for conclusion from the salary in the resulting years. In this manner, in the current case if the trustee made a political race under area 272-80(1) in plan 2F, ITAA 1936 then the salary is

Credit Risk Assessment free essay sample

There requirements for a basic assessment of the most well known credit hazard appraisal strategies, for example, the critical strategy, credit-scoring and portfolio models alongside restrictions utilized. Review talk with process is required for affirming that credit hazard evaluation techniques ought to be consolidated for successful credit chance appraisal. As needs be, the examination proposes a system for improving credit hazard appraisal, which joins the qualities of these strategies and adapts effectively to contemplate impediments. Presentation Credit chance spreads hazards due to updating or minimizing a borrowers credit value which depend ob the potential wellsprings of the hazard who the customer might be and who utilizes it as banks specifically are giving a lot of time and musings to characterizing and overseeing credit chance. There are two wellsprings of vulnerability in credit hazard: default by involved with a monetary agreement and an adjustment in the current estimation of future incomes that outcome from changes in budgetary economic situations just as changes in the financial turn of events. Credit hazard contemplations underlie capital ampleness necessities guidelines that are required by budgetary organizations yet money related getting just as loaning exchanges are delicate to credit chance, to ensure themselves firms and people go to rating offices to get an appraisal of the dangers of securities, stocks and monetary papers they may get and after a cautious perusing of these evaluations the speculators, banks and money related establishments continue to lessen these dangers utilizing hazard the executives instruments. Hazard the executives is applied in money. Budgetary financial matters manages supporting issues in to arrange dispose of credit hazards in a specific portfolio through a progression of exchanges or legally binding understandings came to share and initiate a decrease of hazard by included gatherings. Hazard the board should utilize monetary instruments to discredit the impacts of hazard by utilizing better choices, agreements and credit configuration designs with the goal that such dangers are brought to tolerable budgetary expenses as the apparatuses cost cash and requires a cautious adjusting of components that influence Visa dangers. At the point when an organization awards credit to its clients it brings about the danger of non-installment as credit chance administration alludes to the frameworks, strategies and controls which an organization has set up to guarantee the distinctive assortment of shopper installments and limit its dangers. Credit hazard appraisal and the executives will shape a key piece of the companys by and large hazard the board procedure as powerless credit chance administration is an essential driver of numerous business disappointments and that such private company have neither the assets nor the mastery to work a sound credit chance administration framework. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES Research Questions Should individuals put resources into a given stock whose profits are not really unsurprising? Should individuals purchase a protection contract so as to shield themselves from burglary? Should credit firms be balanced and arrive at a choice based on what they know and abstract evaluation with the unfurling proof? What are the standards of judiciousness and limited levelheadedness? How to control credit hazards in a money related administration? What are the best possible hazard the executives devices and strategies to apply? Goals To have a helpful evaluation of credit hazard in a money related administration It is imperative to comprehend that no model is the unbiasedly right one to use as the decision involves financial, individual and aggregate judgment instilled with mental and conduct characteristics To give a way to deal with the choice of rule of decision reliable and discerning in settling on it conceivable to accommodate a choice and its way of acknowledgment To be a pragmatic speculator by tolerating a limited sanity and will bear some hazard at long last to have a fundamental inspiration for budgetary hazard the board RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES Medium and little estimated money related organizations are en route to set up essential credit chance administration frameworks under specific measures. Since data got from self-appraisal can be helpful in a wide scope of exercises from reinforcing hazard the executives frameworks to defining business methodology huge differentials in business the board are probably going to emerge among budgetary foundations relying upon the use of this significant data. As the Bank of Japan has presented the Tracing Method of advantage appraisal and advance misfortunes so as to help money related establishments to boost the utilization of their own evaluations as an administration instrument. The Tracing Method is utilized to watch changes in the state of individual resources in a period arrangement and is one approach to use budgetary foundations self-evaluation of benefits. The Bank led a subsequent investigation in the ongoing on location assessment to break down what number of the advances ordered in the past assessment (1993-94) were later discounted and others according to budgetary misfortunes from help by renunciation of cases, and misfortunes from deals of nonperforming credits to the Agreeable Credit Purchasing Company. The exact examination utilizing the Tracing Method recommends the accompanying purposes of significance for improving credit hazard the executives. 1. Significance of fortifying the early admonition capacities It is imperative to control advances delegated unsatisfactory in light of the fact that the probability of advance misfortunes regarding benefits and others arriving at a generous size in the long haul may differ considerably relying upon the ampleness of the drawn out administration of this arrangement of advances. . Significance of using measurable techniques which spread the life expectancy of advances For instance, for credits, there is an inclination for the advance misfortune proportion to ascend after the third year following the appraisal. 3. Significance of keeping away from credit fixation Financial foundations with exceptionally packed advances as far as industry had higher advance misfortune proportions, while organizations with broadened advance portfolios had generally low proportions. 4. Significance of get-together money related organizations own default information for hazard measurement The Tracing Method covers every one of these information and upgrades foundation of budgetary establishments own default information for credit chance evaluation. There is a continuation to check and screen the credit chance administration frameworks at monetary foundations on the off-site premise and furthermore during the on location assessment in a more hazard engaged, consistent and adaptable way, mulling over individual organizations conditions. Also, there keep on utilizing research techniques for evaluating acknowledge chances just as leading follow-up examination of the Tracing Method, in accordance with the overall pattern to additionally upgrade credit hazard appraisal inside the budgetary administration. In-house credit scoring improves speed and precision. SAS Credit Risk Management incorporates an answer for in-house scorecard advancement and observing. Applying SAS progressed measurable strategies to claim exclusive credit information empowers individual to perform increasingly exact credit chance evaluations. The arrangement bolsters a wide scope of demonstrating methods including order trees, neural systems, time-arrangement displaying and others. Utilizing the SAS arrangement, individual can create complex move rate models, anticipate misconducts and perform vintage bend examination to produce profoundly exact credit misfortune figures. When the investigation is finished, adjustable layouts empower reports to be distributed by means of email or remote gadgets and permit directors to rapidly recognize issues and meet administrative necessities identified with credit chance. Foreseen FINDINGS/CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE Credit Policy is then pivotal for the evaluation The administration of records receivable starts with the choice whether to give credit to a client on how much and what terms as it is a legitimate beginning stage for the assessment of credit arrangement to incorporate the companys frameworks and systems. Credit approach should be worked in a decent manner and on the off chance that it is worked excessively, at that point the deals and benefits will be lost and in the event that it is less worked, at that point danger of non installment and terrible obligation will increment. There needs to have a fitting procedure for taking care of credit by the money related administration in order to evade significant dangers simultaneously. There needs to apply and make a perfect credit determination, choosing the correct clients that will be given the award for credit in deciding individual credit confinements, it is essential to know about the credit guidelines that must be worthy by the two sides of the procedure which is the appraisal of potential clients credit quality. There needs to have a justifiable credit terms and conditions and an increasingly open assortment strategy to keep away from credit chance events. The choice to concede credit to a far fetched account requires an appraisal of whether the record is one of a gathering for which as a gathering benefits after awful obligation misfortunes will consider a least an insignificantly worthy rate of profitability. It relies first upon the assessment of the credit hazard on the appraisal of the probability of getting reimbursed or losing the merchandise delivered using a loan. There needs to make sense of what the productivity of the record will be in the event that it demonstrates fruitful. The more gainful the record, the more noteworthy the credit chance that can be happen as a high hazard client may not get credit from banks however can get abundant lines from fund organizations as specific kinds of credit dangers have been discovered amendable to equation assessment once the applicable credit qualities have been distinguished. Most business credit is as yet allowed after an individual assessment of a credit demand in lieu of utilizing factor approach in dissecting and conceding acknowledge advances as charge card organizations have received such strategy all the while. The methodology can't be straightforwardly be applied to clients whose business is huge to the undertaking that it doesn't speak to a gathering as credit ought to be allowed to significant clients relativ

Business Finance, Products Or Services, Consumers - 275 Words

Business Finance, Products Or Services, Consumers (Research Paper Sample) Content: Students Name:Professors Name:Institution:Course title:City:Date:Executive SummaryProfit maximization is essential for business as it provides a stable performance of the organization. The management is required to perform an adequate financial analysis to develop plans that will ensure a continuous increase of the organization. Financial management provides the business with the required information for decision making.IntroductionIt is essential to ensure that there are quality products that will make the organization acquire a competitive edge in the market. Working capital, cash flow and profits are vital in the achieving the set long-term goals of the business. An organization is required to invest in long-term projects that will make the business brand widely accepted to the targeted consumers (Schaper, Volery, Weber Gibson 2014). Garden Rite Ltd is a family business which focuses on increasing quality of products and services offered to the consumers for a sus tainable competitive advantage.TASK 1ProfitsThe profits are acquired by deducting expenses from revenue acquired from the sale of products or services to the consumers. It is a financial gain for the organization which makes it possible for the business to expand for the achievement of set goals of production. In maximizing, profit levels of the company the management are required to reduce expenses and increase the revenue through effective marketing strategies. Gross profit is acquired by subtracting costs from revenue. The interest rate and tax are deducted from the gross profits to obtain the net profit for the organization (Schaper, Volery, Weber Gibson 2014). Proper strategies make it possible for an organization to achieve the set profit targets through quality production.Cash flowThis refers to the money that is used by the organization to perform their daily operations. The cash flows of an organization can either be positive or negative based on the flow of finances in th e business. The positive cash flow is achieved when the cash inflow of the organization is higher than the cash outflow while negative cash flow is achieved when the cash inflow is less the cash outflow. Cash management is vital for an organization to have strong operations in the market due to the ability to perform the basic functions in production (Inc.com, 2017). The cash flow of an organization is increased through improved sales volume, acquiring loans and reducing operational expenses.Working CapitalThe current assets and current liabilities are used to determine the working capital of the organization. Working capital is current assets less current liability which makes it possible to achieve the set short-term goals of an organization. The working capital is vital for a smooth flow of daily operations of the business as the current assets, and current liabilities are mainly used in the production of products or services to the targeted consumers. According to (Bragg, 2017) working capital ratio of 1.2 to 2 is appropriate for an organization to achieve set goals. The ratio of over 2 is an indication that the organization does not invest in assets while the working capital ratio of less than 1 is an indication that the business is operating on credit.ReceivableThis refers to the amount that is due to the companies from consumers and other debtors of the company. Receivables are current assets of an organization as it increases the working capital of the business (Swift Piff 2014). The goods sold on credit are stated as receivable as the money will be paid to the company at a later date. Proper management of receivable increases the working capital of an organization for the achievement of set production goals.InventoryThis refers to the work in progress, finished goods and raw materials of a business which facilitate production. It is essential for an organization to use advanced technology in inventory management for a continuous development of produc ts and services to the targeted consumers. The flow of goods from the manufacturer to the warehouses require proper management to ensure that an appropriate flow of inventory for the business. According to Rouse (2017), the use of inventory management software makes it possible for an organization to increase the performance in the market.PayableThis is the amount of fund which is due from the company by the suppliers or creditors. Payable are current liabilities which require management for a sustainable performance of the business (Dudin, Prokofev, Fedorova Frygin 2014). The business is required to reduce the amount of payable for an increased performance of the business.Effects of working capital on cash flowThe working capital ratio is used to ensure that there is a stable performance of the business through current asset investment. An increase in working capital leads to a decrease in cash flow requiring a proper evaluation of current assets and current liabilities. It is vit al for the management to ensure that there is the evaluation of working capital to ensure that there is increased cash inflow compared to cash outflow in the business (Bank of America, 2017). The short-term investment is measured through the working capital ratio requiring an investment that does not negatively affect the cash flow of the business.Garden Rite Ltd financial resultsGarden Rite Ltd (GRL) financial management is vital for a stable performance of the business.GRL is a family business with Dean the majority shareholder with 25% while the rest of the shares are shared between Hashim, Dale and Faf (Garden-Rite, 2017). The company has a continuous increase of sales volume through an acquisition of large consumers namely CP DIY Ltd and BricoFrance. Growth in sales volume is essential in acquiring set profit levels of the business. GRL has 5 million profits in 2016 although the credit levels of the company increased from 16 million to 18 million (Garden-Rite, 2017). An organiz ation is required to raise the level of profits considering the credit levels of the business. The credit acquired by the business is necessary to reduce for a stable performance of the business in the long-term production. The working capital of GRL influences the cash flow of the business requiring proper management of current assets and current liabilities of the business. GRL has a receivable amount of CP at 1.5 million and BricoFrance at 2 million. An organization is required to have proper collection strategies that will increase the cash flow of the business while minimizing the amount receivables from consumers or debtors of the business. In dealing with the debt and receivable increase in the organization the manager, Dean has required other shareholders of the business to invest more in the business.Recommendation for improving working capital and cash flowIt is essential for an organization to improve the working capital and cash flow through the following suggestions. On e is the development of effective collection strategies that will reduce the amount of amount receivable due to the company. GRL is required to come up with a plan that will ensure that the CP at 1.5 million and BricoFrance at 2 million are collected at the appropriate time. Collecting receivables of the market are increases the cash flow of the organization for an expansion of the business (Inc.com, 2017). Two is increased sales volume of the company through quality production and marketing of the business. The quality production makes it possible for an organization to have increased number of consumers who are willing and able to use the consumers of the company. Marketing is used to make the products known to the targeted consumers for a stable performance of the business. Three is the management of expenses of the business for a stable performance of the business (McKonly Asbury, 2017). The expenses of the business are improved to ensure that there is an increase in the cash i nflow of the business compared to the outflows. Proper management of expenses provides the business with required finances to achieve the set production goals. Four is the review of processes in the organization to have an insight on the departments which requires change for improved cash flow and working capital. The finance, marketing, and operations departments are required to collaborate to ensure that there is a stable performance of the business. Lastly is the development of strategies that will increase the working capital and cash flow of the company (PwC, 2017). Stakeholders of the company are required to comply with the set rule in achieving an increased performance of the business.Task 2Capital BudgetingThe company is required to implement effective capital budgeting strategy that will provide future benefits for the organization. Investment projects are implemented by the business to expand into new markets. The decisions of investment require considering the capital op erations benefits for a continuous development of business (Dellavigna Pollet 2013). The future success of the business is achieved through investment in best projects in the market. The management is required to identify the market niche for a stable performance of an organization. The capital decisions involve expansions to new markets, product development, and purchase of new equipment used for production.Top management is required to understand capital budgeting process for a successful implementation of investments by an organization. One is identifying the potential in the market through the analysis of the external business environment. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of organizations are identified through the SWOT analysis. The dynamic external enviro...

The Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare - 972 Words

In the Tragedy of Macbeth, William Shakespeare utilizes a series of themes through the behaviors of many different characters. Some themes seen more clearly throughout the play are those of monarchy, tyranny, and gender. Perhaps the most prominent theme in the whole play is that of the â€Å"unsexing† of Lacy Macbeth’s character. Lady Macbeth wants to act in such a way that is not connected to her gender; we see this and how it relates to the plot and her part in both the rising action and climax in the book. Lady Macbeth tries very hard to unsex herself and yet in the end, she becomes the epitome of what women were seen as, weak and at fault. Shakespeare writes Lady Macbeth’s character so that she is to blame for many things that happen and never once does the reader feel remorse for her fate because of what she has done in the past. Lady Macbeth is the wife of Macbeth and the only woman character who plays a part in the plot of the play. In the beginning of the play the reader sees her as a cunning woman who, in her ambition, pushes Macbeth to kill King Duncan after she finds out of the prophecy. She urges Macbeth to kill King Duncan and when Macbeth shows hesitation she tells him â€Å"I have given suck and know How tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked the nipple from his boneless gums , And dashed his brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done this (1.7. 55-57).† Here we see Lady Macbeth use her gender, her ability toShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe first tragic story created in ancient Greece. Tragedies were written as a form of catharsis or purgation of emotions. In these types of plays, the audience finds characters in which they can relate to which is a tragic hero. The tr agic hero creates his own failures based upon their own actions and produces a detrimental fate for himself. The process of the protagonist’s fall is based upon the tragic structure. The structure of a tragedy consists of the exposition, exciting force, hamartia, theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare892 Words   |  4 Pages‘The Tragedy of Macbeth’, written between 1599 and 1606 by William Shakespeare, has been reinterpreted in the 2010 film ‘Macbeth’. The 2010 film successfully takes its own reading of Shakespeare s play; by changing the setting, the director, Rupert Goold, effectively conveys many of the key themes and issues found in the original text. Whilst transforming some on the underlying meanings to correspond to the alternative readings contemporary audiences might take from Shakespeare s Macbeth. The objectiveRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1724 Words   |  7 PagesAs humans we are attracted to tragedy in our everyday lives. For the horror, understanding and contemplation of human nature what else can offer a better summary than Shakespeare? In the play the Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare the story progresses through the vision of the protagonist, Macbeth. Throughout the story Macbeth aspires to obtain more power than his original position, as sergeant, provides. With many dastardly deeds he achieves the position of king, although he becomes a tyrantRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1023 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is one the greatest writer of all time. Writing hundreds of books and scripts, Shakespeare founded his most success in his plays in the 1589-1613. One of his most popular plays is the Tragedy of Macbeth. The Tragedy of Macbeth was a turn from glory to tragedy. A story of a true tragic hero. Macbeth is a brave soldier in a war for Scotland. A tale of a great soilder that was highly praise in his kingdom turn to a tr agic murderous sinful king. Macbeth kill his friends and hisRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1497 Words   |  6 PagesPractise Essay William Shakespeare effectively explores and follows the framework of the tragedy, Macbeth; a tale of systematic suffering, which foreshadows and imminently leads to the death of a great man. Essentially, it is Macbeth’s flaw – his growing ambition – which leads to these harsh repercussions. Shakespeare demonstrates his tragedy, through Aristotle’s elements and definition of tragedy, which ultimately concerns the reversal of good fortune to bad. In â€Å"Macbeth†, ambition conspires withRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1090 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Macbeth Literary Analysis In the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, William Shakespeare uses satire as tone and irony as points of view to portray Macbeth’s unfortunately placed ambition and the manipulation that is used on him. His ambition to gain a higher status as king ends with consequences to himself and the others in his path. Shakespeare adds dramatic irony, verbal irony, and situational irony to keep the readers at the edge of their seats as well as engaged in each lie and mishapRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare739 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Macbeth, the Death of King Duncan of Scotland occurred at Thane Macbeth’s castle, Inverness, at around four in the morning in about the year 1300. Before the murder, Macbeth imagined seeing a bloody dagger floating before him, making it appear as if he was not totally sane. The reason the murder happened was because Macbeth had met three witches in the woods that prophesized to him that he would become king of Scotland. Afterwards, Macbeth sent a letterRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1052 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish II 2 October, 2015 â€Å"Tragedy† of Macbeth Macbeth, a play written by one of the most influential English writers of all time William Shakespeare. It was created to be a Shakespearean tragedy. A tragedy as Aristotle defines it as: â€Å"Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude †¦. through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions† (Aristotle: Poetics). What this is saying for a tragedy is that it should have the audienceRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1582 Words   |  7 Pagesto you and told you would be king would you trust them? Macbeth did and ultimately it led to his tragic demise. The tragedy of Macbeth was written by famous poet William Shakespeare in the earl sixteen hundredth. The play dramatizes the destructive physical and mental effects of radical ambition for people who seek authority for the benefit of an individual. Macbeth’s theme of ambition, lust for power, faith, and gullibility makes Macbeth his own antagonist, which is directly correlated to his deathRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1290 Words   |  6 Pagesdetrimentally. This is evident in the play, The Tragedy of Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare through Macbeth’s interpretation of the witches’ prophecies, perception of the security of his throne, and interpretation of what his life has become. First, Macbeth’s interpretation of the witches’ prophecies became the principle of his actions that caused for his identity to descent. To begin with, the three weird sisters presented Macbeth with three prophecies where the first two, Thane

Who Is A Four Year Institution - 1393 Words

Many first-time freshmen enroll into a four year institution with the belief that they will graduate in four years. Unfortunately, the reality of it is that only a few of those individuals actually graduate in four years. According to â€Å"California State University, Fresno: First-Time Full-Time Freshmen Four-Year Fall 2000 to Fall 2009 Graduation Rates†, about an average of 200 students graduated in four years out of about 2,000 who entered. Now you may ask yourself, how is this possible if it is said to be a four year institution? Yes, it may be established and known as a 4 year institution, but that does not guarantee an undergraduate a completion of their degree within four years. There are many contributions that play an important†¦show more content†¦If in the event, you do decide in changing your major, adding a minor and or a certificate; it is crucial to meet with both an academic advisor and your designated major advisor. Meeting with your academic ad visor can not only make you more aware of your resources, but also help you acknowledge the GE requirements you must fulfill in order to graduate. However, some majors do require courses that must be taken prior to upper division courses and can possibly also double as both the GE requirements and major requirements. This could save you money and time, which is very valuable throughout your college experience. Meeting with your major advisor is also very helpful because some majors do require courses that are just intended for that major. For instance, the major of Criminology for the first year they require undergraduates to enroll in CRIM 1 and CRIM 2 which are courses that inform and educate students on the criminal system over all. These courses are required for all options and must be taken prior to taking upper division major courses. This is important information because it is essential for staying on track and being aware of the priorities your major expects from you. Since it is mandatory for me to meet with my advisor each semester because of EOP, I met up with my assigned academic advisor at the beginning of Fall Semester. She advised me to take one criminology

Sports Analytics for Practice and Training- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSports Analyticsfor Practice and Training. Answer: Introduction: Big data and advanced techniques of analytics are being adapted into the industry of sports. The sports teams are integrating the analytics technology for effective management of the game, development of players, methods of practice and training, decision making in the finances and marketing. The governing bodies and the leagues of sports are able to implement the Big Data analytics technology to optimize the scheduling, facilitate the issues related to the allocation of resources and analyze the legal environment within the respective organization (Alamar, 2013). At the same time, the businesses those are related and associated with sports sector like the providers of media make effective use of the Big Data analytics more frequently to observe the relevant markets right from the fantasy games to the sponsorships. Big data analytics provides boundless possibilities for which the sector of sports may be providing a firm base for the analytical technology of Big data which will be useful in various industries. Every major professional team of sports either has staffs that are analytically experienced and expert or have a department of analytics. The teams most of the time has to scan for scout notes from the gamer clipboard, have the PDFs get converted to Excel and then submit those files to the top developers of data (Caro, 2015). Hence, another group of young and talented mathematicians does the math of the scouts while the general managers assist in determining the players which they feel to be fit and appropriate to fit in the club. This is a part of the creation of the profile of a sportsman or a player in determining the appropriateness or suitability of a player for the drafting and signing as a free agent and being acquired in the trade. The analytics play an important role in the career of a player as well as in determining the present and future of any professional game or sports. The popularity of making a decision that is data driven in sports has influenced the fans which are countering most of the analytical content. There are whole websites that are dedicated to the analysis and research of statistics of sports and the manner they associate to the prediction of the performance. Revolution of Big Data The revolution of Big data in the sports sector is parallel to every other domain where Big data analytics is used. The incentive to implement the Big data analytics like the other sectors has to lead to the integration of abundant and growing the available data that is concurrent with the significant developments in the technology and power of the computing sector. The use of methods of statistics for the evaluation of players is as obsolete as the sports, a few numbers of disciplines generate, evoke and engage as much information and data as sports does. For example, the contests of sports result in huge volumes of statistics which have been the matter if quantitative analysis. However, the integration of highly sophisticated methods for analysis is being used recently and has broadened the opportunities for applications for the industry of sports. The Big data analytics is getting oriented towards the usages that are multifaceted that assures the provision of benefits to the makers of the decision throughout the complete sports organization. Much of these practices have huge potential for the portability of the industry of sports. The incentive to utilize the Bid data analytics has developed from the integration of significant improvements and abundance of data in the computing power (Caro, 2015). The objective of sports analytics is to assist the makers of the decision within the agencies and firms associated with sports in making better assessments. Different teams of different sports have objectives which are twofold and they integrate the success on the field of sports with the management of financial targets. Both of these goals are not exclusive mutually (Steinberg, 2015). Advances in Big data analytics result in creating meaningful methods for comprehension and prioritizing data that can be used in the improvement of the making of the decision with regards to both goals. The general managers and the development staff of the players who develop and procure talent along with assembling the rosters to make use of the analytical methods which are sophisticated (Cordes Olfman, 2016). The innovative and latest Big data analytical technology assist the coaches in preparing the athletes physically, devise the strategies of the game and regulate and manage the talent within the sports. The use of Big data analytics is not restricted to the decisions of the personnel and the management of games. The sports analytics has crossed over into the boardroom recently where the leagues and teams are implementing big data in order to make decisions regarding the pricing, distribution, allocation of resource and marketing. However, the implementation of big data analytics still differs broadly depending upon the game or sport. The behaviour of the consumers market for the products and financial outlays are included the potential subjects of the advanced evaluation of statistics (Davenport, 2014). Development of Sports Analytics People began to develop the empirical analysis of baseball in the late 1970s to generate the advanced statistical evaluations of the performance of the sports players. This approach was pioneered by Bill James which is called as the Sabermetrics. Baseball facilitates itself to the evaluation on the basis of quantitative empirics as it generates the performance of the date that is available and is ideal for the analysis (Dizikes, 2013). He also sought the ways by which development of statistics could be done in an objective way in the activities of the game specifically those which directly associate with the objective of the team to win the sports. The Current State of Analytics in the Industry of Sports: The clubs and organizations associated with the sports broadly differ in the enthusiasm and usage of the Big data analytics. The acceptance of the sports industry regarding the techniques of analytics is hardly general. The teams who have the disadvantages like the small size of the market have the highest probability to aggressively implement Big data analytics. However, no system of archetypal analytics exists for the clubs and organizations of professional sports. Investment in the technology and personnel of Big data analytics varies significantly throughout the industry of sports. Furthermore, the lack of approach or the approach itself regarding the integration of the Big data integration into the process of the organizations remains as varying as the industry of sports entirely (Forouhar, et al., 2013). Organizations are setting up the procedures of analytics procedures in which they observe the best copes of gaining effective returns on the investments and competitive advantage provided the industry needs to acquire knowledge. The organizations associated with sports need to understand the methods and procedures of Big data analytics along with the manner and procedure to integrate them into the strategic plans and methods. These organizations along with the other organizations belonging to other industries fall behind. The new and innovative technologies in the evaluation of the players and the management of games continue to grow (Gerrard, 2014). For instance, the methods of Big data analytics in the NBA are developing with the installations and setting u p of the many numbers of camera systems that capture the details of the games. The Big data analytics similar to the GPD systems have tracking methods which are player optically player specific are another latest development. These devices are capable of measuring the relative speed of the sportsperson, their movements, and placements on the court along with their interactions. The above improvements provide the sports team with the information that is well beyond what can be obtained from the conventional analysis of the statistics. The financial incentives play a crucial role in the implementation of analytics (Gerrard, 2016). The salary cap of NFL which dictates the limit of the payroll provides the teams of the NFL with specific barriers. The Patriots have been successful with the management system of the analytical cap which identifies the inefficiencies in the market of the player, which in this context is not given much value to the veteran agents who are free (Schrader, et al., 2016). On the respect of the business, the initiative of demand that is based on the pricing of the ticket has been a major development. The industries of other sectors such as the airlines industries have extended practiced models of dynamic pricing that is confronted by the similar constraints regarding the fixed supply and consumptions which are time-specific. Many teams of NBA and many teams of NHL are presently having dynamic pricing while some have their inventory of seats but conventionally the tickets available for the events of the sports had been priced before the resuming of the seasons which did not fluctuate with alterations in demand (Gerrard, 2016). Till date, most of the clubs were not interested in charging different prices for the games even during the variance in the demands occurs which could also lead to rejection. For example, the broker secondary ticket market sales data of Stub Hub's provided clubs with a transparent indication regarding the amount of revenue they were being left out with on the table by not permitting their prices to fluctuate with the changing conditions of the market. Furthermore, the evolution of better and more data along with the computational speed and power has made convenience dynamic pricing. Professional sports teams compete with each other in the labour market in the star players form which is short in supply. There have been arguments that the salary caps are vital in order to preserve the competitive balance. The caps in salary also assist in limiting the expenditure of the teams for the players. The thesis of the Money ball by Michael Lewis and what is the theory of Big data analytics in the sports refers to the small market teams of baseball can be successful by spending their capital; in a wise manner. The famous star players demand huge salaries because of the high level of celebrity status and skills. The players who have a high rating of on-base percentages and are overlooked by the teams of the major market can be recruited at many low salaries than the star players (Halvorsen, et al., 2013, February). All of these capping and salaries can be effectively managed by the integration of Big data analytics in the sports analytics. The implementation of the dynamic pricing is spreading into various areas very rapidly. The application range extends from the performing arts and, live entertainment to the toll roads in the highway and there has been a regular shift from the conventional strategies regarding the fixed prices. Most of the retailers are shifting from the conventional prices which are fixed and the strategies of discount to the dynamic pricing. From a research report from Marketplace, it has been revealed that the retailing through Internet is driving the transferring towards the direction of dynamic pricing in the details (Kasiri-Bidhendi, et al., 2015, September). The notions regarding the appropriate place to buy are imperative as the selling through web becomes growingly prominent. The industries which have the similar dynamics include the fixed on place and capacity, specific consumption based on time could obtain a great deal of knowledge from the instances and in the industry of sports. The instance includes examples from the restaurants, performing arts and movie theatres. Even, the Broadway and some other local organizations have their dynamic pricing which is carefully implemented for their performance events and shows. The most popular instance of the application of the big data analytics in sports is from the movie from Hollywood, Moneyball which is a true story of a coach of baseball who used to integrate a stellar team in spite of having a restricted budget. The most of the application of the Big data analytics is relevant in the sectors of strategy and training. It is now evident that the analytic of performance is the most vital tool currently for the sportsmen and players and their respective teams or the identification of the strengths and weaknesses to track their improvements in the game (Mahmood Takahashi, 2015, October). This is done by observing specific trends in the players' performance and in studying the performance of the opponents so as to devise a strategy that is effective to defeat them. In each game and sport, there is huge scope for the Big data analytics in deriving more sense out of the sports play data. The activity of gathering data is a barrier as most of its parts still depend on the humans who observe the game and give their interpretation regarding which data to be fed into the system. The Big data analytics excludes a lot of subjectivity in the data which in other ways would include a black-box for the analytics tools. Big data has the advancements in the processing of image and artificial intelligence which is assisting in reducing the gap which is getting addressed at a faster rate than the awareness of most of the people (Mahmood Takahashi, 2015, October). Using of Big Data for the Engagement of the Audience: Most of the sports fans, in the last decade, had witnessed a fad to collect the trading cards that had the data of the performances of their favourite sportsmen or players. The appetite for the numbers is increasing too fast as the audience is getting more tech savvy. This has also led to an entirely new industry of sports fantasies that makes use of the data of the real world sportsman or players in order to stimulate the tournaments that are virtual where the users can have their own team build and managed along with betting on their favourite players. Even the live broadcasts of the sports programs presently include more things than simply commendatory that keep the audience engaged (Miller, 2015). The owners of the teams make use of the analytics that are based on real time and animation in order to gauge the scenarios and to predict the performance of the important players and make use of the analytics of social media to measure the sentiments and involvement of the audience so as to create the correct content for the appropriate opportunity. Betting Scandals: TheDarker Truth Big data can help in identifying and restricting the occurrence of the misuse in the hands of the wrong people. Integrating Big data analytics can recognize and restrict the illegal betting that happens in the sports and games which are possible due to the incorporation of latest technology in the arena of sports. The availability of huge amount of analytics and data has made it convenient and easier for the managers of teams for optimization of their budget while recruiting the sportsperson and players (Mondello, 2014). In the same way, it has made it convenient for the authorities to capture the amateur bettors and restrict them in participating in the crimes like illegal betting by providing them with less access to different and more advanced tools and information that cannot be even used by the professional bettors. As a result, there has been the reduction in the market of online betting which was seen to be highly growing in the past years and was the cause for almost every sports scandal in the sports management companies. The use of Big data analytics in the monitoring, regulation, and analysis of the collected data from the specific procedures and processes is in its initial stage. For the professionals' sports in the world, the applications are still limited to practices only. However, the research on the Big data analytics and its implementation along with its possible implications on the sports industry is advancing these processes at a rapid rate (Mondello Kamke, 2014). The modification of such type of tracking, analysis, and monitoring could also be highly useful in other sectors. The production time that is lost due to the injuries at the workplace results in costs for both the employers and the workers in billions of dollars every year across the world. Almost a portion of these mishaps is caused due to the fatigue of the players or the workers as they are inappropriately spaced or placed in the area of work. Regulating the systems of Big data analytics could be developed for the implementation on a sector to sector basis. The optimization of the jobs and games that are related to the interactions physically could result in growth in the productivity along with minimizing the injuries taking place in the workplace to a great extent (Passfield Hopker, 2016). Moreover, the new and innovative applications of the technology of Big data analytics could be improved to enhance the productivity and efficiency of the workforce in the sports industry. One challenge in the workplace in the sports sector is that the employees might perceive them to be an enforcing force in the opposition to a way that is proactive in nature so as to protect them from any kind of injuries during the working day (Passfield Hopker, 2016). Conclusion: It is to be noted that the industry of sports is gaining momentum with the integration of Big data analytics and it largely depends on the way the sports industry is currently implementing the new and innovative technology in the industry of sports. Moreover, the current methodologies develop and advance, the new and innovative techniques and technologies which could continue to be growing. Most of the valuable aspects of the industry of sports are transferable to other sectors too. The professionals who are resourceful need to identify and recognize these scope and opportunities and take appropriate advantage of them. The data in the sports industry is unique in the aspect in which it exists and is readily available to the general mass, mostly regarding the performance of the athletes. Hence, the statistical analysis which is facilitated by the advance technology like Big data analytics has enhanced the networks of communication through the Internet which has expanded the ability to gather and disseminate the information related to sports. It has also expedited the improvements of the analytics regarding the sports and the organizations associated with sports. References Alamar, B. C. (2013).Sports analytics: A guide for coaches, managers, and other decision makers. Columbia University Press. Caro, C. A. (2015). A Retrospective Look at College Football in the Late BCS Era-A Case Study in Sports Analytics, Sports Management, and Sports Economics.Journal of Business Case Studies (Online),11(2), 71. Cordes, V., Olfman, L. (2016). Sports Analytics: Predicting Athletic Performance with a Genetic Algorithm. Davenport, T. H. (2014). What businesses can learn from sports analytics.MIT Sloan Management Review,55(4), 10. Dizikes, P. (2013). Sports analytics: a real game-changer.Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Forouhar, A. S., Kellogg, M. M., Ohiomoba, K., Akhmetgaliyev, E. (2013).U.S. Patent Application No. 14/398,942. Gerrard, B. (2014). Sports Analytics: A Guide for Coaches, Managers and Other Decision Makers. Gerrard, W. J. (2016). Sports analytics. Gowda, M., Dhekne, A., Shen, S., Choudhury, R. R., Yang, X., Lei, Y., ... Essanian, A. (2017). Bringing iot to sports analytics. NSDI. Halvorsen, P., Sgrov, S., Mortensen, A., Kristensen, D. K., Eichhorn, A., Stenhaug, M., ... Johansen, D. (2013, February). Bagadus: an integrated system for arena sports analytics: a soccer case study. InProceedings of the 4th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference(pp. 48-59). ACM. Kasiri-Bidhendi, S., Fookes, C., Morgan, S., Martin, D. T., Sridharan, S. (2015, September). Combat sports analytics: Boxing punch classification using overhead depthimagery. InImage Processing (ICIP), 2015 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 4545-4549). IEEE. Mahmood, K., Takahashi, H. (2015, October). Cloud based sports analytics using semantic web tools and technologies. InConsumer Electronics (GCCE), 2015 IEEE 4th Global Conference on(pp. 431-433). IEEE. Maxcy, J., Drayer, J. (2014). Sports Analytics: Advancing Decision Making through Technology and Data.Temple University. Miller, T. W. (2015).Sports analytics and data science: winning the game with methods and models. FT Press. Mondello, M. (2014). The MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference.International Journal of Sport Communication,7(3), 420-421. Mondello, M., Kamke, C. (2014). The Introduction and Application of Sports Analytics in Professional Sport Organizations.Journal of Applied Sport Management,6(2). Passfield, L., Hopker, J. G. (2016). A mine of information: can sports analytics provide wisdom from your data?.International journal of sports physiology and performance, 1-17. Rodenberg, R. M., Feustel, E. D. (2014). FORENSIC SPORTS ANALYTICS: DETECTING AND PREDICTING MATCH-FIXING IN TENNIS.Journal of prediction markets,8(1). Schrader, D., Gupta, A., Iyer, L., Schiller, S., Sharda, R. (2016). Sports Analytics Research Collaborations: Connecting Business Schools with Athletic Departments. Steinberg, L. (2015). Changing the game: The rise of sports analytics.Forbes.

When Human Diet Costs too Much Biodiversity as the Ultimate Answer to the Global Problems

Introduction. Eat, Pray, Leave: A Consumerist Approach to Nature There is no denial that people have been taking nature for granted for too long. Because of the unreasonable use of the natural resources, environmental pollution and inadequate protection (WWF, n. d.), people have led a number of species to extinction; moreover, due to the increasing rates of consumerist approach towards the food which nature provides for people, the number of species has started decreasing even more rapidly. Therefore, people have either to reconsider their diet, or to watch most of the animals and plants disappearing fast.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on When Human Diet Costs too Much: Biodiversity as the Ultimate Answer to the Global Problems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Problem, Unveiled: The Self-Centered Humankind Despite the obvious progress, people cannot control the natural processes. Therefore, it is extremely dan gerous to intrude into the latter. Once having started to use natural resources, people will never be able to stop. Because of careless attitude towards the small amount of natural resources and huge rates of consummation, some species are already extinct, and some have become highly endangered. The issue concerns not only plants, but also animals and fish (Landais, 2007, January 26). Eating whatever they want, people have been disregarding the fact that natural resources are exhaustible. According to O’Sullivan, the recent event in Italy revealed the rates of people’s negligence towards nature: â€Å"The country’s foreign minister, Franco Frattini, commented that the banquet was distasteful at a time when Italy’s bears are ‘almost extinct and we are trying with great effort to bring them back to the mountains that have hosted them for centuries’† (O’Sullivan, n. d.). Because of high rates of fish consummation, a number of fish has become endangered. Yet these species are still consumed. Moreover, to produce enough veal and beef, people have to use the nature’s forest resources as pastures. The above-mentioned leads to forest destruction. Finally, the lack of balance between the consumed food and the feedback to the nature leads to a natural crisis. The latter can finally drive to a planet-scale catastrophe. Evaluating the Consequences: The Game Is not Worth the Candles Before proceeding with the solutions, people have to ask themselves a question, â€Å"How did this happen?† To understand why the consumerist attitudes have taken such a drastic scale, one must consider the way people treat natural resources. The example above shows that people have a great problem in their relationships with nature. The problem is that the humankind has been taking nature for granted.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Probable Solutions: Helping Rare and Endangered Species As it has been mentioned above, the consequences of a thoughtless use of natural resources will be drastic. Even now, one can track some of the outcomes of people’s eating habits. For example, the following species have disappeared completely over the past few decades: However, there is no time to panic. Even at the given stage, there is a way out. To start with, people should practice sustainability approach. Using natural resources only when necessary, people will be able to right the wrongs. In addition, it will be needed to contribute to nature as opposed to constant consummation. Spreading awareness, one can enhance the process: â€Å"More than one million people have now watched  The End of the Line, a groundbreaking expose of the consequences of overfishing, according to an evaluation of the film’s impact† (Levitt Thomas, 2011, February 18). Speaking of the endangered species, people should reconsider their ration, indeed, to save the former. There are several ways to do so. Vegetarianism is the most radical approach. However, it will not suit anyone. Another method to solve the problem is the approach of biodiversity. Guided by the principle of giving back to the environment as much as people take away from it, sustainability approach presupposes that biodiversity should be encouraged with the help of developing a reasonable diet for people. Providing enough elements which are vital for people does not mean that the endangered species should be used as food or resources for fur and leather products. While providing people with the necessary vitamins and minerals, one can still take care of the endangered species. The latter can be substituted by the species which are quite numerous. Giving the endangered species a couple of centuries to repopulate, one will be able to make the natural resources plentiful again. Conclusion: There Is Still Some Hope Left. Biodive rsity and Sustainable Environmental Policies As it has been mentioned previously, there is a way out of this complicated situation. People need to understand that their self-centeredness is self-defeating. Moreover, the focus on the consumerist approach will finally kill not only people, but also the remaining species. Therefore, the way people eat must be reconsidered once and for all. It is unreasonable to make all people survive on bread and water. However, at present, the world is in another extreme. Eating everything what they please, people destroy the delicate balance of nature. Therefore, not only what we eat, but also how we eat must be changed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on When Human Diet Costs too Much: Biodiversity as the Ultimate Answer to the Global Problems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference List Landais, E. (2007, January 26). 40% of food ‘is genetically modified.’ Web. Le vitt, T. Thomas, A. (2011, February 18). The End of the Line: How a film changed the way we eat fish. The Guardian. Web. O’Sullivan, F. (n. d.). Threatened species on the menu worldwide. Web. WWF (n. d.). Threats to oceans and coasts. Web. This essay on When Human Diet Costs too Much: Biodiversity as the Ultimate Answer to the Global Problems was written and submitted by user Ben L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Shopping Rapturous or Torturous

Shopping Rapturous or Torturous Introduction The aim of this paper is to establish whether shopping is delightful or a torturous undertaking. Shopping has become a culture and commodities have turned many people into consumers. Fiske (1989, p. 13) claims that shopping places have become like worshiping places and the goods have become objects of worship.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Shopping: Rapturous or Torturous specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through advertising, promotions and many other techniques used by many shopping centers, people become consumers with great appetite for shopping. Shopping has become a rapturous experience to many people but to others it’s a torture. Although shopping can be torturous in many ways, people have a responsibility of avoiding torturous situations and making the experience rapturous. Household Shopping Household shopping consists in sourcing for a variety of items used in the house or by family. Clo the shopping is one example and has become a common practice to many people. It can get torturous in many ways. One reason is that for clothes one must fit to make sure the clothes look good on him/her. Sometimes a shopper doesn’t find the exact type of clothe he/she wants and when he/she finds one that she wants, in many occasions, the clothe will not fit. It makes this type of shopping torturous because the shopper gets tired running up and down looking for what he/she exactly wants. Another type of household shopping is grocery shopping. This is a very exciting and rapturous practice. It is rapturous mostly when one goes with his/her family and one gets to choose what he/she wants. Factors that Affect Shopping Experience One of the factors that make shopping delightful or a nightmare is availability of parking space. There are many occasions especially during holidays, when everyone is shopping; this makes it hard for one to find appropriate parking. The culture of shoppin g, especially during holidays, has continued to greatly dominate individual lives and the contemporary society at large (Edwards, 2000, p. 34). The time one has for shopping affects how he/she does the shopping. If one has limited time, he/she will tend to rush. On the other hand if one sets enough time to do the shopping, he/she will do it leisurely and enjoy the shopping experience. It becomes torturous when one has no time to shop and has to rush through. Many people have no time for shopping and this is what makes them consider shopping torturous.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the kind of service one receives from shopping stores makes shopping experience torturous or rapturous. It becomes an exciting experience when one visits a store that offers friendly and pleasant shopping experiences. This promotes a good atmosphere which makes shopping fun an d enjoyable. Its good to visit a store that offers good customer services in order to avoid the stress of shopping. These customer services include customer attendants who assist customers find an item they have problem locating (Krafft Mantrala, 2008, p. 21). On the other hand if the customer care is poor then no one can enjoy shopping. Conclusion In conclusion, shopping experience is generally supposed to be a rapturous experience. In order to avoid being tortured by it, we have to make sure we have enough time and money for shopping. Moreover, shopping from stores that offer good quality products and enhanced customer services are critical to enjoying shopping. If one has to shop from a far place, then he/she should make sure there is a means of transport available. Consumers have control over their shopping experiences and they shouldn’t let it be a torturous experience. References Edwards, T., 2000, Contradictions of Consumption: Concepts, Practices, and Politics in Con sumer Society, Open University Press, Berkshire Fiske, J., 1989, Reading the Popular, Routledge, New York Krafft, M., Mantrala, M., K., 2008, Retailing in the 21st Century: Current and Future Trends, Springer, New York

Impact of Data Warehousing and OLAP Models on Management Accounting Dissertation

Impact of Data Warehousing and OLAP Models on Management Accounting - Dissertation Example The questions were categorised into seven sections that cover the aspects of familiarity of the organisation with these tools, historical data for planning the implementation, changes and compatibility of people in various departments, contribution of OLAP to management accountant and other departments. The data collected were analysed in Excel and by SWOT analyses. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in implementing OLAP and data warehouses for the organisation and the management accountant have been analysed. It has been identified that the strengths are more and the threats are less. Hence the impact of the OLAP and data warehouses on management accountant is positive and their overall benefits it that the data analysis and reporting is easy and efficient. Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.1. Research scenario 1.2. Identification of research problem 1.3. Main research question and Assumptions 1.4. Aim and Objectives of the Research 1.5. Methodology of r esearch 1.6. Structure of the research Chapter 2 – Literature Review 2.1. The Traditional Accountant 2.2. Challenges faced by The Traditional Accountant 2.3. Transition of role 2.4. The Data Marts 2.5. Introduction to OLAP 2.6. OLAP models 2.6.1. Data analysis in OLAP 2.6.2. OLAP components 2.7. The role of OLAP 2.8. Mapping the BI 2.9. Database Design 2.10. Warehouse Management 2.11. Challenges and implications of BI tools Chapter 3 - Methodology of Research 3.1. Research Methodologies 3.2. Qualitative survey method 3.3. Data collecting instrument 3.4. Sample space and sample size 3.5. Validity, Originality and Limitation of the research Chapter 4 – Data Presentation and Analysis 4.1. Qualitative Data representation 4.1.1. Section I Questions – Data Representation 4.1.2. Section II Questions – Data Representation 4.2. Preliminary data analysis in EXCEL 4.2.1. Analysis of section I questions 4.2.2. Analysis of section II questions 4.2.3. Analysis of secti on III questions 4.2.4. Analysis of section IV questions 4.2.5. Analysis of section V questions 4.2.6. Analysis of section VI questions 4.2.7. Analysis of section VII questions 4.3. SWOT analysis method 4.4. SWOT analysis of research data Chapter 5 – Research Recommendations 5.1. Strengths 5.2. Weaknesses 5.3. Opportunities 5.4. Threats 5.5. Research Recommendations Chapter 6 – Research Conclusion References Appendices Appendix A – Questionnaire Appendix B – Data Collected from First Participant Appendix C – Data Collected from Second Participant List of Figures Fig.2.1. The cube architecture of OLAP system. Fig.2.2. Database segregation in Business Intelligence using OLAP. Fig.4.1. Analysis of first question in section I. Fig.4.2. Analysis of second question in section I. Fig.4.3. Analysis of third question in section I. Fig.4.3. Analysis of third question in section I. Fig.4.5. Analysis of fifth question in section I. Fig.4.6. Analysis of sixth q uestion in section I. Fig.4.7. Analysis of seventh question in section I. Fig.4.8. Analysis of eighth question in section I. Fig.4.9. Analysis of first question in section II. Fig.4.10. Analysis of second question in section II Fig.4.11. Analysis of third question in section II Fig.4.12. Analysis of fourth question in section II Fig.4.13. Analysis of fifth question in section II. Fig.4.14. Analysis of sixt

Business Decision Making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Decision Making - Assignment Example The profitability index (PI); and iv. The payback period Lambert currently has a choice of investing in either of three machines – Alumier which is a replacement for the current machine, Big EZ – which is supplied by an American firm, and Cial which is manufactured in Japan. The objective of performing an evaluation is to determine which of these three investment options will provide the best return to the shareholders of the firm. The Net Present Value (NPV) According to Ryan and Ryan (2002) the NPV is one of the most preferred investment appraisal techniques. This method strongly rivals the IRR as one of the most popular investment appraisal techniques. In fact, Campbell and Brown (2003) indicates that it performs better than IRR in relation to making choices between mutually exclusive projects but needs to be modified in capital rationing decisions and when project choices have unequal lives. Additionally, where projects are not divisible under capital rationing it m ay be best to invest in several small projects which exhaust the budget but have lower profitability ratios and generates a higher NPV when added together rather than a large project with a higher profitability which does not exhaust the budget (Campbell and Brown 2003). ... formula for calculating NPV is as follows: NPV = CF0 + ((CF1/(1 + IRR)1) + ((CF2/(1 + IRR)2) †¦ ((CFn/(1 + IRR)n) The decision rule criteria indicate that projects with a positive NPV should be accepted. In the case of mutually exclusive projects, the project with the highest NPV value should be selected. Information on the NPV for the three investment options are shown in Table 1 in Appendix 1. The information in Table 1 indicates that the Alumier Machine and the Cial Machine will both yield a positive NPV. However, only one machine is required and so the two investments are mutually exclusive. Therefore, the machine with the highest NPV value should be chosen. The Alumier Machine will yield an NPV of ?32,180 compared to ?65,650 for the Cial Machine. The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) The IRR is another very popular and well recognized investment evaluation technique which along with NPV is rated above the other techniques (Titman et al 2011). It is the discount rate that yields an NPV of zero (Titman et al 2011). The IRR decision rule criterion is to invest in the project if the IRR is greater than the discount rate used in calculating the NPV. One of the most common problem that has been raised about the IRR is the possibility of multiple internal rates which conflict with each other or the possibility of none at all (Hazen 2003). The formula for calculating IRR which is similar to that used in calculating NPV and is given as: NPV = CF0 + ((CF1/(1 + IRR)1) + ((CF2/(1 + IRR)2) †¦ ((CFn/(1 + IRR)n) = 0 This formula is used to find the rate of return where NPV = 0. The information relating to IRR for the three investment options are shown in Table 2 in Appendix 1. The information in Table 2 indicates that the IRR for the Alumier and the Cial Machines are higher than

Women’s Influence on the Development of David Lurie’s Character (Coetzee, 1999) Essay Example for Free

Women’s Influence on the Development of David Lurie’s Character (Coetzee, 1999) Essay Lurie’s own conclusion motivated this examination of the influence of women on his character: â€Å"The truth is, he had never had much of an eye for rural life, despite all his reading of Wordsworth.   Not much of an eye for anything except pretty girls, and where has that got him?† (p. 218). Of course, the question of â€Å"where† is rhetorical, but the question of why the persona of the scholar no longer allowed him to indulge his â€Å"eye forpretty girls† was the central question in a novel focusing   on changes in South Africa since 1994, when Apartheid ended. The â€Å"scholar† with an Eye for Pretty Girls As the only boy in a house of loving women, whom he, in turn, loved, Lurie recognized that becoming a handsome young man made it easy for him to find responsive women (p. 7).   Based on his age in 1999, 52 years, his age for choosing a career was in the late 1960s, when South African white society was similar to societies in the United States and Western European democracies at an earlier time. Consider the kind of career which would not only permit an obviously well-educated and intelligent young man to pursue his main interest in pretty girls,† but also would enhance his ability to do so.   Lurie probably would not have been consciously aware of such a goal.   However, there are decisions that are influenced by unconscious motives (Hunt Ellis, 2004). In South Africa, when Lurie chose a career, the persona of a â€Å"scholar† at universities and colleges was esteemed and brought a life of privilege.   In a satire on academia that unintentionally mirrored Lurie’s approach, anthropologist Ashley Montagu (1959) advised young academics in the United States to â€Å"remember that your progress in Academe will depend not so much on your intellectual abilities than upon your skill as a personality that is, in the skill of displaying few assets in a convincing manner† (p. 10), where â€Å"a want of original ideas constitutes not the least impediment to productive publication† (p. 23). Lurie, after â€Å"a career stretching back a quarter of a centurypublished three books† (Coetzee, 1999, p. 4) he knew were uninspired and recognized he had â€Å"never been much of a teacher† (p. 4).   However, until Apartheid ended in 1994, the persona of a â€Å"scholar† was perfect for one who actually had only an interest in â€Å"pretty girls† (p. 218).   As an attractive man in an esteemed profession, â€Å"for decades the backbone of his life† was a result of a â€Å"magnetism [where looking] at a woman in a certain way, with a certain intent, she would return his look† (p. 7). The Women in Lurie’s Life The little we know of Lurie’s first wife was revealed only in response to a question about her, a brief response that she was Dutch and returned to Holland after her divorce.   We don’t know how he felt when he married her, but what seemed a genuine indifference and lack of interest suggested she was not an important influence on the development of his character. We know that he and his second wife, Rosalind, experienced passion: â€Å"His best memories [were of] Rosalind’s long, pale body thrashing this way and that in the throes of a pleasure that was hard to tell from pain† (p. 187).   He believed that â€Å"what held them together [was only that they were] two sensualists† (p. 187). However, regardless of her sensuality and of how old she might have been, she clearly would not have been described as a â€Å"pretty girl† but as a confident and independent woman who both had a mind and did not hesitate to express her thoughts.   Her influence on David’s character might have been in his developing the ability to have non-sexual relationships with adult women, as evidenced by his post-divorce relationship with her. Regarding Lurie’s own belief about the influence of women on his character, he concluded that he was â€Å"enriched† by each of the hundreds of women in a life consisting of sex with â€Å"women he has known on two continents, some from far away in time that he barely recognizes them† (p. 192).   Readers cannot know how each or any of the women â€Å"enriched† his life, but his choices were varied.   Before Apartheid, â€Å"pretty girls† who were his students were easily seduced because â€Å"scholars† still were held in awe. When black African students gained access to college educations, their experiences had not led them to idolize any white males, an attitude that spread to other students. When the demand for courses that could be applied in jobs after college was met, Lurie’s institution, Cape Town University College, became â€Å"Cape Technical University,† and instead of being â€Å"a professor of modern languages,† he became â€Å"a professor of communications† (p. 7).   With less access to young students, his â€Å"women† ranged from prostitutes to the unattractive, middle-aged country woman Bev, he described as â€Å"almost waistless, like a squat little tub† (p. 149). If one uses imagery in reading this novel, such scenes take on a comic tone.   Another example of visualization resulting in a scene turning comic occurred while Lurie actually was demonstrating a passion in creating a work of art as he wrote an opera about Teresa, the beautiful young countess who had been in love with Lord Byron. In the opera, he depicted Teresa years after Byron’s death when she had become unattractive, looking â€Å"more like a peasant . . . than an aristocrat† (p. 181), relentlessly singing â€Å"mio Byron† (p. 183), resulting in comic imagery.   The comic element was enhanced because While Lurie did know that Byron did not feel about Teresa as she thought he did, Coetzee did not write what he must have known Byron wrote to a friend about his embarrassment when Teresa called â€Å"out to me ‘mio Byron’ in an audible key† (1819/2009).   Sadly, Lurie himself came to realize that the opera was â€Å"going nowhere. There is no action, no development [and he] has not the musical resources, the resources of energy to raise [the opera] off the monotonous track on which it has been running since the start† (p. 214). Despite the comic imagery elicited when Lurie had sex with Bev, his relationship with her did influence his character.   In working with Bev (at first to satisfy his daughter) at the clinic where there was no choice but to kill pathetic, unwanted animals, he became able to form unselfish relationships with the animals. Earlier in his life, one event clearly did influence the development of Lurie’s character, the event of becoming a father.   The first interactions in the novel between Lurie and his daughter, Lucy, made one conclude that the one unselfish relationship he had as a young man was the father/daughter one that began with Lucy’s birth.   (It was not possible to find a reason for Coetzee’s obviously non-coincidental decision to have Lurie choose the name used in a series of rustic, romantic poems by the poet of Lurie’s academic specialty, Wordsworth, 1798-1801/2009.) Her brutal rape by black men (representing not racism, but Coetzee’s depiction of the after-effects of ending Apartheid) most certainly shook him out of his lassitude, but did not influence his character in the sense that his obviously unselfish concern for her well-being and his efforts to protect her after the rape were not unexpected. In general, however, Lurie’s character did not seem to change very much since the time he was a young man.   Toward the end of the novel, after he was not permitted to watch Melanie in a performance, his behavior demonstrated the character he had from the beginning.   After having sex with a young prostitute, he feels â€Å"contented†:   â€Å"So this is all it takes, he thinks.   How could I ever have forgotten it?† (p. 194).   Perhaps the most interesting question about the novel was how Coetzee was able to make an essentially superficial man into a complex, absorbing, and sympathetic anti-hero. References Byron, G. G. (1819).   Lord Byron’s letters and journals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jeffrey D. Hoeper (Ed.).   Retrieved March 17, 2009,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from www.engphil.astate.edu/gallery/byron.html. Coetzee, J. M. (1999).   Disgrace.   New York: Penguin. Hunt, R. R., Reed, H. C. (2004).   Fundamentals of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cognitive psychology.   New York: McGraw-Hill. Montagu, A. (1959).   Up the ivy.   New York: Hawthorn. Wordsworth, W. (1798-1801).   Lucy.   Retrieved March 17,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2009, from www.poetry.archive.com/w/lucy/html.

Theres No Defense for Affluenza Essay -- The Affluenza Defense

"The Affluenza Defense: Judge Rules Rich Kid’s Rich Kid-ness Makes Him Not Liable for Deadly Drunk Driving Accident" -- Madison Gray, Time.com The relationship between motive and consequence is a complex one, and is made even more debatable when context becomes involved. Throughout our judicial history, the line between responsibility and exemption remains razor-thin in its subjectivity. If a woman murders her husband, but was abused by him for years, why is this considered different from a murder where the perpetrator wasn’t abused? We take these mitigating factors into account in court, but they present a unique problem. How much and which extenuating circumstances are enough to change the conviction? Precedents are continually being set as new mental conditions are discovered or gain new validity, so we must be able to discern the difference between defenses that are legitimate, and the Twinkie defenses. Twinkie defenses are those, which carry no reasonable justification for diminishing the mental capacity of the defendant. The ambiguity of what we know of the mind creates this conflict, so it is important t hat we consider the context with care. A new defense known as ‘Affluenza’ was very recently introduced into this family of mitigating factors. Affluenza claims that when an individual grows up in or is subjected to an affluent environment where the real world is shielded from them, they are unable to make the connection between their actions and their consequences. Affluenza says that the access to an excess of all the things money can buy comes at the expense of all the things money cannot buy. With the absence of even the most basic role modeling of the relationship between cause and... ...l Of Behavioral & Applied Management 11.3 (2010): 232-248. Academic Search Premier. Web. 09 Mar. 2014. Hobson, Jeremy. "The ‘Affluenza’ Defense." Here Now RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2014. . "Weekday Schedule." Newport Academy. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2014. . Lunther, Suniya, and Shawn Latendresse. "Children of the Affluent: Challenges to Well Being." Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2014. . de Graaf, J., Wann, D., Naylor, T. H., & Horsey, D. (2001). Affluenza: The all-consuming epidemic. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Whitely, Jason. "Sentence given to Teen in Deadly Drunk Driving Crash Spurs Backlash." WFAA Wfaa.com. ABC, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2014.

Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau and Wollstonecraft

Looking to the science of the day, Hobbes determined that there was no soul and attempted to describe human nature as pure mechanics. Human nature was therefore driven by the need to satisfy the physical demands of the body and based on basic passions in life. These are to satisfy physical appetites, to seek power to maintain their wealth and to be superior to others by seeking glory. Hobbes saw the state nature as â€Å"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. † The state of nature is anarchy, with constant violence (or potential violence) by amoral leaders terrorizing the population.Reason is the answer that will lead to a social contract and government. Individuals will give up their individual rights and freedoms to secure peace. Morality and property can then be dictated by the state, since human nature is not equipped to handle those concepts without conflict. This will allow each person to then pursue their own self-interests without fear of violence. The sovereign au thority is the office or institution of government that is contracted by the people. It is the artificial construct onto which the powers are conveyed by the social contract.The only limits to the sovereign’s powers are self-imposed, since it must exist outside of the population; although it should always strive for the good of the people to remain legitimate. Civil law is dictated by the sovereign. Civil law should be designed to promote well-being and progress for society with appropriate punishments for law breakers. Hobbes believed in an absolute monarchy. By making one man in charge, it would make it easy for the people to understand their roles and obey laws.With no confusing dissension or contrary views, people do not have to waste time and effort making political decisions; after all, that’s why they entered the social contract in the first place. He did not, however, believe in the ‘divine right’ or hereditary kings; the contract was conveyed upon an ancestor, which has no bearing on the legitimacy of the heir to rule. Although Locke’s views are similar to Hobbes’, they are not quite as grim and fearful. Similar to Hobbes, he believes that people are naturally free and equal. Locke believes that man is social by nature and is naturally moral, rational and egoistic.In a state of nature, man will generally act with a mutual trust and respect and honor their commitments and obligations to other. Although he emphasizes these positive traits of humanity, he recognizes that since that is not always the case, people will need to form a type of social contract to preserve their rights and liberties. For Hobbes, natural law is a selfish state where people do not recognize the rights of others’ property and liberty. Locke believes that, although they don’t always act in accordance with it, man inherently knows right from wrong and are capable of acting in a lawful manner.The goal of government is to preserv e the rights to life, liberty, health and property of its society and to pursue the public good even where this may conflict with the rights of individuals. It is also to punish wrongdoers and transgressors of the laws it sets for the common good. Since ones path to salvation and religious preferences fall outside those boundaries, government should not enforce or espouse any one form of religion over another. Class and hierarchy is a natural outgrowth of Locke’s views on property.Credited as the founder of the â€Å"Protestant work ethic†, Locke believed that those who worked hard will possess more. By agreeing to have money be an equalizing factor for trade, this will naturally contribute to some having more wealth than others. This is fine and natural, as long as the producers are working without injustice or injury to others. In retrospect, Locke may be considered the father of feminism. Although he still believed women should be subordinate to men, he also noted t hat women were capable of rationality and equally shared in the paternal power of raising children.Most notably, he claimed that marriage was a contract entered into by both parties and that both should be able to dissolve the contract at will; it took almost 300 years for society to catch up and instigate no fault divorces. Locke believed government should be formed with both an executive and legislative branches. The legislative determines the laws and may assign judicial, or magistrates, to exercise it. The executive is responsible for enforcing the laws and conducting foreign affairs. There should be a system of checks and balances between the two branches, to avoid despotism and illegitimate governments.Since a monarchy puts the power of both branches into one person, Locke believed all monarchies to be illegitimate forms of government. By advocating some form of representative or democratic government, society can insure that there representatives are working in their best int erests. Despotism occurs when either of the two branches of government exceed their authority and begin acting against the benefit of the people. Civil society can then remove the offenders from office through their electoral process or agree to set up a new form of government.When the people are denied these means to choose their government, violent revolution may be the answer. Rousseau believes that the state of nature is solitary existence guided by two principles – self-preservation and compassion. Social interactions were driven by the necessity to satisfy their own needs; war and aggression would be unlikely, since primitive man’s compassion drove him to avoid suffering of others. Civilization and establishment of nuclear families led to the beginnings of society, which corrupted the state of nature and led to human nature.Human nature is based on oppression and inequality, the haves dominating over the have nots. Society and governments were established to prot ect the rights and properties of the few landowners without regard to the rights of the laborers. His path to liberation is paved with a just, moral civil society that works for the benefit of all of its members. People must draw on their compassion and work towards the good of society, rather than selfish goals. In this manner, a social contract can be formed that will benefit all of society.Rousseau’s social contract involves an overhaul of civilization and a community that is willing to that is willing to forfeit all of their rights. Although not necessarily a violent revolution, he suggests that liberated people form a new community and create a government. This moral body of citizens would only consider the greater good and not selfish, private interests. He does not envision this to be without economic inequality, however, as long as it does not interfere with political equality; there should not be a situation where one man is able to buy or sell a vote.The basis of le gislative power is the general will of the people. Although entrance into the community must be unanimous, voting is done by majority. All citizens must participate in open discussion before voting. Votes should only be counted from those expressing the general will; those voting based on selfish interests should be discounted, although no practical way of knowing or enforcing this is described. Since authority and freedoms all reside within the general will, transgressors against the general will can be coerced or forced to liberate themselves.There are underlying conditions necessary for the formation of the social contract. There must be a legislator, a divinely enlightened man who will lead the community into an understanding of its true public interest. He initiates the contract and then retires before he can be corrupted. A civil religion is necessary, one that does not divide the community’s loyalties. The civil religion is founded on the way of life of the citizens, i ncluding customs and traditions. It must include belief in God, immortality of the soul and the social contract.The society must be small, modeled after the polis, and agricultural in nature, rather than founded on commerce or industry. The executive institutions are the bureaucracy of the sovereign. The magistrate lays down the laws and is supported by policeman and jailors. The censor is in charge of compliance with the civil religion, using education to guide people. The censor monitors the arts and sciences to insure people are not whiling away their time and distraction themselves from the common good.Two other offices may be used in exigent circumstances to allow for checks on the government. A tribunate can be used to limit the magistrate or a dictator can be used as supreme commander in war or natural disasters. Government should take the form of a republic, with full participation in the legislature and delegation of authority for the executive. Depending on the wealth and size of the state, monarchy, non-hereditary aristocracy or democracy could be acceptable forms of executive. Rousseau was adamant that men and women were vastly different and should be educated appropriately.Men should learn a trade and how to become an enlightened citizen. Women should learn how to raise children, tend house and be a good wife. He did not consider women rational enough to be citizens. Education is not to be done by rote memorization, but is instead to take the form of exploration and learning through experience. In direct response to Rousseau, Wollstonecraft argues that educating women in the same fashion as men makes them better able to function in the roles of wife, mother and daughter.She argues that virtues are not gender specific, but without equal education, women cannot achieve virtues founded on knowledge. Since education begins in the home and mothers were to raise the children, women must be educated to be better mothers and provide their children with ne cessary education. Wollstonecraft sees human nature as truly equal, including equality between the sexes. The basic capacities of all humans are the same for reason and knowledge and the difference between the sexes has arisen out of the societal constructs that separate them.She supported the concept of a social contract, albeit with the inclusion of women as fully realized citizens. She did not believe that either a monarchy or aristocracy could be a legitimate form of government since it perpetuates the subordination of women. She considers property to be as one of the ills of society because it gives rise to the societal problems, which contribute to keeping women ignorant and subordinate. Civil society must be founded on reason, which women are as capable of as men given the proper opportunities and education.